英语句子成分练习长难句

　　掌握英语句子中长难句分析的方法,能分析较为复杂的语言现象,对提高英语阅读能力是很有益处的。下面小编就为大家介绍英语句子成分练习长难句，希望对大家有用。

　　英语句子成分练习长难句如下：

　　Two months ago Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man who had delayed doing anything about his smoker’s cough for a year.

　　【分析】本句为复合句。主句为Gullotta saw a 50-year-old man。 who引导定语从句,修饰 a 50-year-old man。delay后常接动名词，表示“推迟做某事”。smoker’s cough指吸烟引起的咳嗽。

　　【译文】两个月前，古丽塔遇见一位50岁的男人，他耽搁了一年而未对吸烟引起的咳嗽做任何处理。

　　Store managers are often the last to hear complaints, and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors, according to a study jointly conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School.

　　【分析】本句为并列复合句。when引导时间状语从句，according to…是介词短语。conducted by Verde Group and Wharton School作后置定语修饰a study。the last one to do sth.意为“最后一个做某事的人”。

　　【译文】据沃德集团和沃顿商学院所做的一份联合调查显示，商店经理总是最后一个接到投诉，并且通常是当他们的常客决定定期光顾他们的竞争对手时才发现。

　　“Retailers who’re responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over issues than those who aren’t so friendly,” said Professor Stephen Hoch. (2008年12月)

　　【分析】本句中的直接引语为复合句。句子主干为Retailers are more likely to smooth over issues than those, more…than是比较级结构。第一个who引导的定语从句修饰Retailers，第二个who引导的定语从句修饰those。

　　【译文】史提芬?霍克教授说：“与那些态度不友好的零售商相比，能够及时作出反应且态度友好的零售商更有可能平息事端。”

　　But the real truth is that we don’t know enough to relieve global warming, and - without major technological breakthroughs - we can’t do much about it. (2008年6月)

　　【分析】本句为复合句，主干为the real truth is that…。that从句为is的表语，在该表语从句有两个由and连接的简单句we don’t know…warming和we can’t do much about it。两个破折号之间的内容是对we can’t do much about it的原因解释。

　　【译文】但真相是，我们对缓解全球变暖知道的还不够多，并且--没有较大的技术突破--我们仍将束手无策。

　　We need economic growth unless we condemn the world’s poor to their present poverty and freeze everyone else’s living standards. (2008年6月)

　　【分析】本句为复合句，主句为We need economic growth，从句为unless引导的条件状语从句。在从句中，we有两个由and连接的谓宾：condemn…poverty和freeze…standards。

　　【译文】我们需要经济增长，除非我们迫使世界上的穷人继续穷困潦倒，不提高他们的生活水平。

　　The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when it’s really an engineering one. (2008年6月)

　　【分析】本句为复合句，主干为The trouble…is that…。that引导的表语从句that it has become…one作is的表语，该表语从句中又包括一个由when引导的时间状语从句when it’s really an engineering one。

　　【译文】全球变暖的争论很伤脑筋的地方在于，全球变暖其实是一个技术问题，但在现在的争论中已经变成了一个道德问题。

　　Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen - the 21st century equivalent of being caught naked. (2008年6月)

　　【分析】本句为复合句，主句主干为they will see you，从句为Whoever引导的让步状语从句Whoever it is。in a way为see you的方式状语。you never intended to be seen为省略了引导词的定语从句，修饰的是way。破折号在这里起解释说明的作用，解释前面的句子。

　　【译文】无论是谁，他们都会以一种你所不愿意被看到的方式来看你--21世纪就好像是一个被人裸视的时代。

　　Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, that it’s important to reveal yourself to friends, family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. (2008年6月)

　　【分析】本句为复合句，主干为Psychologists tell us…。us后接了两个宾语从句，第一个宾语从句为boundaries are healthy，省略了引导词that;第二个宾语从句为that引导的that it’s…times。按照规则，若动词后跟两个由that引导的宾语从句，第一个宾语从句可省略引导词，但第二个宾语从句的引导词必须出现，不能省略。

　　【译文】心理学家告诉我们，隐私界线是健康的，在某些阶段，某个合适的时间，向朋友、家人和爱人展现你自己很重要。

　　Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths (收费站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track automobile movements.(2008年6月)

　　【分析】本句为复合句，主干为Few people turn down a discount。at tollbooths为地点状语。to avoid using the EZ-Pass system为不定式作状语。that引导的定语从句that can track automobile movements修饰the EZ-Pass system。

　　【译文】很少有人会拒绝使用在收费站能打折的易通收费系统，该系统能够追踪汽车的行车路线。

　　Privacy economist Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests that reveal people will surrender personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon (优惠券). (2008年6月)

　　【分析】本句为复合句，主干为Alessandro Acquisti has run a series of tests。Privacy economist作Alessandro Acquisti的定语。that引导的定语从句that reveal people… coupon修饰的是a series of tests。to在这里表目的。

　　【译文】隐私权经济学家Alessandro Acquisti做了一系列测试，测试显示，人们会为了得到少得可怜的50美分优惠券而轻易地就将像社会保险号码这样的个人信息提供出来。

　　When you consider that nearly three out of four Americans have seen the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? you can understand the power of television to communicate with a large audience.

　　【分析】本句为复合句，主句主干为you can understand the power，从句为when引导的时间状语从句When you consider…Millionaire?。从句中又包含一个由that引导的宾语从句that nearly…Millionaire?，作consider的宾语。

　　【译文】当你考虑到几乎每四个美国人中就有三个看过电视游戏节目《谁想成为百万富翁?》，你就会明白电视在与大量的观众交流方面的巨大威力了。

　　Global warming may or may not be the great environmental crisis of the 21st century, but - regardless of whether it is or isn’t - we won’t do much about it. (2008年6月)

　　【分析】本句为并列句。句子主干为Global warming…,but we won’t… about it。regardless of意为“不管，不顾”;whether it is or isn’t 中的it指代的是并列连词but前的句子。

　　【译文】不管全球变暖是否是21世纪最大的环境危机，我们都不会为之倾注太多。

　　Al Gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth”, as if merely recognizing it coAl Gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth”, as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution. (2008年6月)

　　【分析】本句为复合句。主句为Al Gore calls global warming an “inconvenient truth”。as if 意为“仿佛/好像……似的”，引导方式状语从句时谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。put us on a path to a solution意为“找到解决之道”。

　　【译文】阿尔?戈尔将全球变暖称作一个“不愿面对的真相”，好像仅仅认识到全球变暖便能找到解决之道似的。

　　The digital bread crumbs(碎屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are, where you are and what you like. (2008年6月)

　　【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为The crumbs make it easy。make sth.+adj.+to do为固定用法;you leave everywhere为省略了that或which的定语从句;reconstruct后接了三个并列的宾语从句;digital bread crumbs为比喻用法，意为“数字碎屑”。

　　【译文】你在任何地方留下的数字碎屑都会让陌生人很容易就重新构造出一个你来，知道你的身份，住所，和喜好。

　　Only when it’s gone do you wish you’ve done more to protect it. (2008年6月)

　　【分析】本句为复合句。when it’s gone为状语从句。Only在句首时，主句要部分倒装，即将助动词do提前。

　　【译文】当你失去时，你才会希望自己原来能够多做点事情以保护好它。

　　But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability. (2007年12月)

　　【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干是the opening has made universities a powerful force。动名词opening作主语，of后面都是定语，在这里a powerful force是宾语universities的补语。at the same time是时间状语。

　　【译文】但是同时，世界各国对商品、服务、信息，尤其是人员的跨境开放，已经使大学成为加速全球一体化进程、增进互相了解和促进地缘政治稳定的一股强大力量。

　　Objections from American university and business leaders led to improvements in the process and a reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students. (2007年12月)

　　【分析】本句为并列句，but连接两个并列的简单句。句子主干为Objections led to improvements and a reversal, but the United States is still seen as unwelcoming。第一个分句的谓语是led to，其后有两个由and连接的并列宾语，分别是improvements和a reversal。第二个分句里的as是副词，连接补语。

　　【译文】尽管在美国大学校长和商界领袖们的反对之下，签证程序有所改进，留学生人数开始回升，但美国依然给许多人留下了不欢迎外国留学生的印象。

　　In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers, offering courses of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的) research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity. (2007年12月)

　　【分析】本句为复合句。主句主干为 universities have become…global。In response to 连接方式状语，其中包含了一个that引导的定语从句，修饰forces，that在从句中作主语。冒号后面的部分是三个并列的现在分词作状语，解释说明前面的句子。在第一个分词结构里包含了一个who引导的定语从句，修饰students。在最后一个分词结构里也有一个that引导的定语从句，修饰courses of study。

　　【译文】作为对推进世界经济力量的回应，大学变得更加具有“自我全球意识”：大学从世界各地招来承载多元文化和价值观的学生;大学把本校学生派往国外准备开拓全球事业;大学还通过开设课程，共同应对来自互相联系的世界及为了全人类的利益发展科学而展开的联合研究带来的多重挑战。

　　Yale professor and Harvard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai’s Fudan University in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. (2007年12月)

　　【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为Tian Xu directs a research center。主语前面的部分都是它的同位语，说明身份。focused on作后置定语修饰research center;at Shanghai’s Fudan University是地点状语;in collaboration with…则是方式状语。

　　【译文】由徐天教授(耶鲁大学教授，霍华德·休斯医学院研究员)所负责的人类疾病遗传学研究中心坐落在上海的复旦大学，其工作人员由耶鲁和复旦两所大学共同派人组成。

　　In the wake of September 11, changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. (2007年12月)

　　【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为 changes caused…and…。caused有两个并列宾语，分别是 decline 和 surge。 seeking 是现在分词作定语修饰 students。

　　【译文】“9·11事件”之后，签证程序的调整导致注册美国大学的外国学生人数急剧下降。而同一时期前往澳大利亚、新加坡和英国留学的外国学生人数却迅猛增长。