考研英语美文阅读欣赏

　　在全国硕士研究生入学英语考试中,阅读理解试题在整个试卷中占很大比重,其重要程度不言而喻。想要提高英语阅读能力，最好的办法就是多看多练。为了提高大家的阅读水平，下面是学习啦小编为大家带来考研英语美文阅读欣赏，希望大家喜欢!

　　考研英语美文阅读欣赏：梳子能读懂你的心

　　No, this brush is not a mind-reader in the psychic sense. What it does is take precise measurements of the levels of neurological activity in a brain.

　　梳子能读懂你的心，这可不是从什么神秘莫测的读心术。这把神奇的数字能够精确地测量你大脑内部神经活动的水平。

　　Technology already exists to track your mental activity. It’s called functional near infraredspectroscopy (fNIRS), which images blood flowing through the brain and measures the difference of levels of oxygen in the blood in order to evaluate mental activity.

　　最早的追踪大脑活动的技术称之为功能性近红外光谱方法，这种方法可以对你大脑里的血液流动成像，并且记录大脑学血液里面的氧气含量以评估你的精神状态。

　　But it has a major drawback: it’s usually impaired by hair.

　　但是这种方法有一个致命的弱点，它会伤害到你的头发。

　　That’s why researchers at the University of Texas at Dallas and University of Texas at Arlington have been working on a device that is essentially a hairbrush that can measure and monitor brain activity.

　　这就是为什么德克萨斯大学位于达拉斯和阿灵顿的分校要联合致力于发明这种能够测量和检测大脑活动的梳子的缘由。

　　The device is officially known as a “brush optrode,” which uses that same fNIRS technology, but in a way no other device has been able to up to this point. It’s designed to provide increased sensitivity with fiber tips that thread through hair to increase direct scalp contact. The technique is much more accurate when its sensors can actually touch the scalp.

　　这种梳子的学名称之为“梳子光极”，它的原理和近红外光谱法差不多，但是却超越了之前所有的设备。这种设备的敏感度很高，它的光纤触头能够在头发之间穿过，直接接触到头皮，因此这种传感器的测量结果要比其他传感器精确很多。

　　Duncan MacFarlane is a professor of electrical engineering at the University of Texas at Dallas, and one of the lead researchers on this project. He says, “It is easy for a patient’s hair to get in the way and block the signal” with conventional fNIRS technology. “So we developed a new tip for the fNIRS fibers-a brush optrode that slides the fibers between the hair follicles. Signal levels increase three- to five-fold, and patients report that the brush optrode is considerably more comfortable than the conventional fiber ends.”

　　杜康·麦克法兰是德克萨斯大学达拉斯分校电子工程学院的一名教授，也是这个项目的带头人。他说，“用传统的近红外光谱分析法，头发很容易就纠缠在一起，影响到信号的传递。因此我们发明了一种新的光纤，一种近似梳子的光极，它使得光纤可以在头皮的小囊之间自由地穿梭。信号的传递程度增加了三到五倍，治疗者也反映这种梳子的光极要比传统的设备舒服很多。”

　　考研英语美文阅读欣赏：大猩猩和人类一样偏好用右手

　　Humans are not the only species to prefer to use their right hand-chimpanzees also share the trait, according to a new study by Spanish scientists.

　　根据西班牙科学家的一项最新研究显示，人类并不是唯一偏好用右手的物种，大猩猩和人类一样具备这个特点。

　　The researchers reached their findings, published in the latest edition of the American Journal of Primatology, after observing 114 chimpanzees from two primate rescue centers, one in Spain and the other in Zambia.

　　这项最新研究发表在美国期刊《灵长类动物学》上。科学家们是通过对两个灵长类动物救助中心里的114 只大猩猩进行观察而得出这一结论的。这两个救助中心一个在西班牙，一个在赞比亚。

　　The primates were provided with food hidden inside tubes and the scientists monitored them to see which hand they used to get at it, either their fingers or with the help of tools.

　　科学家在大猩猩面前放了一个管子，管子内藏着食物。研究者就是想观察大猩猩到底是用哪知手取出食物，不管是用手指还是借助工具。

　　“The chimpanzees showed a preferential use of the right hand to get the food from the tube,” the Catalan Institute of Human Palaeoecology and Social Evolution, which coordinated the study, said in a statement. “This feature had traditionally been considered exclusively human and had been believed to be caused by asymmetries observed in the human brain that are related to the realization of complicated activities that require the use and coordination of both hands.”

　　大猩猩偏好用右手取食物，” 协助这项研究的加泰隆尼亚古生态学和社会发展研究所在报告中称。“使用右手一直以来被认为是人类独有的特点，这个特点是由于人类左右脑发展不平衡造成的。人类为了完成复杂的活动，往往需要两手并用。”

　　The study also found that female chimpanzees, like their human counterparts, are more likely to be right-handed than males.

　　这项研究还发现，母猩猩同人类女性一样，比起他们的另一半来说更偏好用右手。

　　The researchers said this suggests “that just like in our species, there are shared biological factors, genetic and hormonal, that modulate the functioning of our brain.”

　　这项研究表明，“就像在人类内不一样，物种之间也存在共同的生理基因和荷尔蒙特征，这些特征控制着我们的大脑。”

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